September is a month rich in symbolism and tradition, marked by the transition from summer to autumn. It is also a month celebrated by the allure of its birthstones—Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli. These gems are not only admired for their beauty but also revered for their historical and cultural significance. While Sapphire is widely recognized as the official birthstone for September, Lapis Lazuli holds a special place as the alternative stone. Both stones share a deep blue color that resonates with the themes of wisdom, protection, and nobility.
History and Lore
The history of the September birthstones is as vibrant as the colors they display. Sapphire, the official birthstone, has a rich tapestry of lore woven into its history. The origin of the word "sapphire" can be traced back to Latin "sapphirus" and Greek "sappheiros," both meaning "blue." This deep blue hue has captivated many throughout the ages, from ancient Persian rulers to medieval clergy who believed the stone symbolized Heaven. The belief that the sky was blue due to the reflection of sapphires is a testament to their revered status in ancient times.
Modern formalization of birthstones began in 1870 when Tiffany & Co published a pamphlet of birthstone poems, with sapphire designated for September. This was followed by the first official standardized list in 1912 by the American National Association of Jewellers (now Jewellers of America), and a 1937 list by the British National Association of Goldsmiths. These milestones cemented the sapphire's status as the September birthstone, symbolizing wisdom, loyalty, and nobility.
Lapis Lazuli, the alternative birthstone, has its own rich history. This deep royal blue stone was used in ancient Egypt, where it was ground into a fine powder to create pigments for paint and cosmetics. It was also cherished by the Romans and Renaissance artists for its vibrant color and use in jewelry. The stone is believed to promote truth, sincerity, and constancy, making it a meaningful choice for those born in September.
Geological Formation and Sources
Both Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli are formed through unique geological processes. Sapphire is a variety of corundum, a gem form of crystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Its deep blue color is primarily due to trace elements of iron and titanium. Sapphires are found in various parts of the world, with notable sources including Sri Lanka, Madagascar, and Burma. These regions are known for their high-quality sapphires that have been mined for centuries.
Lapis Lazuli, on the other hand, is a metamorphic rock that contains lazurite, a mineral that gives it its characteristic blue color. It is often found in association with other minerals such as pyrite, which adds a sparkling effect. The primary source of Lapis Lazuli is Afghanistan, where it has been mined for thousands of years. Other sources include Russia, Canada, and the United States, each contributing to the global supply of this beautiful stone.
Gemological Properties
Understanding the gemological properties of the September birthstones provides insight into their value and care. Sapphire is one of the hardest gemstones, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. This high hardness makes it durable and suitable for everyday wear in jewelry. Sapphires can be found in various colors, although blue is the most popular. The most valuable sapphires are those with a deep blue color and high clarity.
Lapis Lazuli, while not as hard as sapphire, is still a durable gemstone, typically ranking between 5 and 6 on the Mohs scale. It is often opaque and can contain inclusions, which are considered part of its charm. The deep blue color of Lapis Lazuli is due to the presence of lazurite, while the golden flecks are typically pyrite. This stone is often used in cabochons, as its inclusions can enhance its beauty.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The symbolism and metaphysical beliefs associated with the September birthstones are rich and varied. Sapphire has long been considered a stone of protection and wisdom. In ancient times, it was believed that sapphires could protect the wearer from harm and envy. This belief persists today, with many considering sapphires to be powerful talismans for those born in September. The stone is also associated with loyalty and trust, making it a popular choice for engagement rings and anniversary gifts.
Lapis Lazuli is equally significant in the realm of metaphysical beliefs. It is often associated with truth, sincerity, and constancy. The stone is believed to promote intellectual honesty and encourage the wearer to seek out the truth. In addition, Lapis Lazuli is thought to enhance courage and self-worth, making it a valuable companion for those seeking to overcome challenges.
Care and Cleaning
To ensure the longevity and beauty of the September birthstones, proper care and cleaning are essential. Sapphires, due to their high hardness, can be cleaned with a soft cloth and warm soapy water. It is important to avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners, as these can damage the stone or its setting. Sapphires should be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent scratches.
Lapis Lazuli requires a gentler approach to cleaning. It can be cleaned with a soft, damp cloth to remove dirt and dust. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or steamers, as these can cause the stone to become brittle or lose its luster. It is also advisable to keep Lapis Lazuli away from heat and direct sunlight, as this can cause it to fade.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the September birthstones—Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli—hold a special place in the world of gemstones. Their rich histories, unique geological properties, and meaningful symbolism make them cherished choices for those born in this month. Whether it is the deep blue of a sapphire or the vibrant blue of Lapis Lazuli, these stones offer not only beauty but also a connection to the past and a source of protection and wisdom. As we continue to celebrate the September birthstones, we honor the traditions and beliefs that have made them beloved treasures for generations.